Time adverbials can be used with? పోటీ పరీక్షల ప్రత్యేకం
TENSES (VERB FORMS)
TENSES RULES:-
A Tense is a form of a verb which indicates the time and degree of completeness of a certain action or state. Read the following sentences:
1. I write a book.
2. I wrote a book.
3. I shall write a book.
a) In the first sentence the verb indicates the present time.
A verb denotes the present time is said to be in the “Present Tense”.
b) In the second sentence the verb indicates the past time.
A verb denotes the past time is said to be in the “Past Tense”.
c) In the third sentence the verb indicates the future time.
A verb denotes the future time is said to be in the “Future Tense”.
So, There are 3 kinds of Tenses:
1) Present Tense
2) Past Tense
3) Future Tense
Every Tense is again divided into four forms, to know the verb’s status (or) condition.
Those are :
1) Simple Tense
2) Continuous Tense
3) Perfect Tense
4) Perfect Continuous Tense.
The following Table contains the application of ‘Sub–Divisional Tenses’ to the ‘Main Tenses’.
I. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE :
Definition : Simple present means the action doesn’t denote it is either completed or not.
Structure :
[Sub + First form of the verb / V1 +……]
1) I go to college
2) He goes to college.
Rules :
1. We do not add ‘s’ or ‘es’ or ‘ies’ to the verbs coming after the subject of – ‘I, we, you and they’.
Ex : I go, we go, you go, they go.
2. We must add ‘s’ or ‘es’ or ‘ies’ to the verbs coming after the subject of ‘He, she, it, name’.
Ex :He goes, she goes, Chandu goes, it goes.
Ex :1. I play chess,
2. We win the match.
3. You run fast.
4. They collect the funds.
5. Dimpu tastes the soup.
6. Neci waters the plants.
7. It makes a noise.
8. Kavitha selects only fine dresses.
9. The students discuss withone another.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Definition: Present continuous means the action is going on at the time of speaking in the Present time.
Structure:
(Sub + is/am/are + Present participle + ……….)
Ex :1. I am doing my homework.
2. He is watching T.V.
3. They are swimming.
Note: Present Participle means ‘Ing-form’ is added to the VI.
Ex: 1. Sleep + ing = Sleeping
2. Do + ing = Doing.
Uses of Present continuous:
1) It is used for the action, which is going on at the time of speaking.
Ex :1. The phone is ringing
2. The students are discussing.
3. It is raining.
2) It is used for future actions, which are definite:
Ex : 1. She is going to get married next week.
2. Mr. Chandra Babu Naidu is going to visit Vijayawada tomorrow.
The following time adverbials can be used with the present contin uous.
Now, at this moment, at the present moment.
Exclamatory Phrases:(Time Adverbials)
Listen, Look, Take care, Don’t disturb, See…..
1. Listen! Somebody is knocking at the door.
2. Take care! Lorry is coming so fast.
3. Don’t disturb me! I am doing homework.
4. See! How they are running.
5. Look! The old man is crossing the road.
PRESENT PREFECT TENSE:
Definition: Present Perfect Tense means the action, which has just
Completed now/recently in the present time.
Structure:
[Sub + Have/Has + V3 + …….]
Rules: 1) ‘Have’ is used for “I, we you, they’.
2) ‘Has’ is used for “He, She, It, Name.”
Ex :1) I have bought a pen.
2) Sravanthi has sung a song.
3) I have won the match.
4) We have reached our destination.
5) You have just posted the letter.
6) They have played Tennis.
7) He has sold his car recently.
8) She has prepared for the test.
9) It has rung the bell.
10) Gita has seen that movie twice.
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOS TENSE:
Definition: Present perfect contin uous means the action which beginning in the past and is going on in the present for sometime.
Structure:
[Sub + Have/Has + been + present participle + …….]
1) Have: I, We, You, They
2) Has: He, She, It, Name.
3) Present participle: V1 + ing form
Ex :1) We have been making the kites.
2) She has been preparing for IAS.
Time adverbials
The following time adverbials can be used with present perfect continuous tense.
I. Since II. For III. How long
I. Since shows the point of time.
II. For shows the period of time.
III. How long shows the duration of time.
TENSE : SIMPLE PRESENT (OR) PRESENT INDEF INITE
USES : -1. Proverbs, 2. Habitual Actions, 3. Universal Truths. 4. Future Actions 5. Conditional Clauses
EXAMPLES : – a. Slow and steady wins the race,b. Practice makes man perfect
a. Smita goes to bed at 10.30 p.m. (every night),b. They come to college by car.
a. The earth revolves round the sun.,b. The stars shine brightly.,a. The Konark express arrives in fifteen minutes,b. My father comes to college next week. .a. If he plays well, He will get a prize..b. If you come early, you can catch the train.
TIME ADVERBIALS : Generally, Usually Casually, Naturally, Frequently,
Every day, Every Week, Every Month, Every Year, Once a week, Once a month, Once a year, Seldom, Never, Ever, Etc.,
PRESENT PAST FUTURE
The Simple Present Tense The Simple Past Tense The Simple Future
(or) Present Indefinite Tense (or) Past Indefinite (or) Future Indefinite
The Present Continuous Tense The Past Continuous The Future Continuous
The Present Perfect Tense The Past Perfect The Future Perfect
The Present Perfect Continuous The Past Perfect Continuous The Future Perfect Continuous
Uses of Since & For
Since For
1. Morning 1. 10 Hours
2. Last month, 2. long time
Last year
Last week,
Last Sunday,
3. 6 o’clock 3. 10 days,
4. January, 4. Several ages
November
5. 1976, 1995 5. So many years
—————- 6 months
TENSE : – PRESENT PERFECT [Sub + have/ has + V3 + …..]
USES : – 1. For a comp leted action at near past, 2. For an action beginning at sometime in the past and going on upto the moment of speaking.
EXAMPLES : a. The Sun has just risen.
b. Boys have left the class room.
c. I have often gone to that theatre.
a.We have lived here since March. b. She has been ill for five days
c. I have known him for a long time.
TIME ADVERBIALS : Just, Just now, Till now, Upto now, Yet, Ever, Never
As Yet/ Sofar, Already, Recently, For, Since
B.Vivekananda
Sr. Faculty
Hyderabad, 9912343401
