Active and Passive voice (TET Special)

Passive voice is used
a. When it is not necessary to mention the doer/agent/subject of the action.
b. When we don’t know, or don’t know exactly, or have forgotten who did the action
c. When the subject of the active verb would be people
d. When the subject of the active sentence would be people
e. When we are more interested in the action then the person who does it.
f. The passive may be used to avoid an ungrammatical sentence
Eg. when he arrived home a detective arrested him

When we change from active voice to passive voice, the following rules to be followed
Find the subject,verb and object in a given sentence.
Bring the object in front of the sentence.
Add helping verb as per object (singular or plural) and tense.
After helping verb, add past parti -ciple (V3) then add BY prepo -sition.
Lastly, add subject as mentioned below.
Present perfect continuous tense
Past perfect continuous tense
Future perfect continuous tense
Future continuous

Verb with two objects: If the verb has two objects, an indirect object (a person) and a direct object (a thing), two passive forms are possible
a. Active: I told them an interesting story
I told an interesting story to them
Passive: An interesting story was told to them
They were told an interesting story

b. Active: The nurse gives the patient a sleeping pill
Passive: A sleeping pill is given to the patient
The patient is given a sleeping pill.

Questions with Passive voice
Active voice – Who will like this shirt?
Passive voice- By whom will this shirt be liked?
Active voice- When did you pay fee?
Passive voice- When was fee paid by you?
Active Voice- Have you taken lunch?
Passive voice- Has lunch been taken by you?
Active voice- Does she speak English?
Passive Voice- Is English spoken by her?

Negative sentences with passive voice
Active voice- She did not write a novel
Passive voice- A novel was not written by her
Active voice – He will not take class
Passive voice – Class will not be taken by him

Modals & Prepositions with Passive voice
Active Voice: You must shut these doors
Passive voice:These doors must be shut
Modals frame:- object+ modal auxiliary +be +v3+ by+ sub
Active voice: They ought to have told him
Passive voice: He ought to have been told (by them)
Active voice: We must write to him
Passive voice: He must be written to.
Active voice: They threw away the old newspaper
Passive voice: The old newspapers were thrown away

Imperative
Active voice- Close the door.
Passive voice- Let the door be closed.
Active voice- Don’t write it.
Passive voice- Let it not be written.
Active voice- Let him do the work.
Passive voice- Let the work be done by him.
Active voice- Please note it down.
You are requested to note it down.
Let it be noted, please.

Changing from Passive voice to Active voice
Passive voice: A song is being sung by them
Active voice: They are singing a song
Passive voice:The snake was seen going into the hole
Active voice: We saw the snake going in to the hole
Passive voice: Apples are grown in Kashmir
Active voice: They grow apples in kashmir
Passive voice:Exams were written by Rishi
Active voice: Rishi wrote exams
Note : Intransitive verbs are not used in passive construction

Changing from Active voice to Passive voice as per tenses
1.Simple Present Tense4.Simple Past Tense
A.V: Subject+V1+object
P.V. Object + am/is/are+ V3+by+ subject
Eg: A.V: Rishi plays chess well
P.V: Chess is played by Rishi

2.Present Continuous Tense5.Past Continuous Tense
A.V: Sub+am/is/are+V4+object
P.V.: Object+am/is/are+being +V3+sub.
A.V. We are learning grammar now
P.V. Grammar is being learnt by us now.

3.Present Perfect Tense
A.V. Sub+have/has+V3+obj
P.V. Obj+have/has+been+V3+by+sub.
A.V: Chandu has published a book.
P.V. A book has been published by Chandu.

4.Simple Future Tense8. Future Perfect Tense
A.V: Sub+ shall/will+V1+obj
P.V. Obj+shall/will+be+V3+sub
AV: We will win the match
P.V: The match will be won by us.

5. A.V. Subject+V2+object
P.V: Object+ was/were+V3+by+ sub
A.V. Pinky drew many pictures.
P.V. Many pictures were drawn by Pinky.

6. A.V. Sub+ was/were+ V4+ object.
P.V: Obj+ was/were+ being +V3+by+sub
A.V. They were watching RRR movie.
P.V: RRR movie was being watched by them.

7. Past Perfect Tense
A.V. Sub+had+V3+obj
P.V : Obj+had+been+V3+sub
A.V: Gouthami had prepared a model.
P.V: A model had been prepared by Gouthami.

8. A.V. Sub+shall/will+have+V3+obj
P.V. Obj+shall/will+have+been+V3+by+sub.
A.V: They will have constructed a building.
P.V. A building have been constructed by them.

Note: As per conventional grammar, no passive formbelow mentioned tenses

Exercise
1.“What are you doing now ?”
The passive form of the given sentence is _____
a.What you are being given done?
b.What was being done by you?
c.What is being done by you?
d.What were being done by you?

2. Choose the correct active form
a. He decided that the house should be sold
b. I was invited to go
c. He wants photographs to be taken
d. The rubbish has not collected

3. ‘The boys who are playing in the ground’ broke the window Choose the correct passive form
a. The window is broken who are playing in the ground
b. The window was broken by the boys who are playing in the ground
c. The boys broke the window whom were playing in the ground
d. The window is being broken who are playing in the ground

4. Passive voice is used in the following instances except
a. If the active subject is not known.
b. When we are more interested in the action then the person who does it
c. The passive is sometimes preferred for psychological reasons
d. If the agent is important

5. Choose the different form from the following
i. Let the work be done
ii. Vegetables are sold here
iii. He decided to sell the house
iv. Poem is written by him.
a.Only iv from is different
b.iii and iv are different
c.only iii is different
d.i and iii are different

6. All desire wealth and some acquire it
a. Wealth was desired by all and acquired by some
b. Wealth is desired by all and acquired by some
c. Wealth was desired all and acquired by some
d. Wealth is acquired by all and desired by some

7. The thief was chased by him bravely
Choose the correct active form to the above sentence
a.He chased the thief bravely
b.Being brave, he chased the thief
c.He is chasing the thief bravely